Question:

Salaam alaikum,

Is it true that Imam Al-Nisai, the hadith complier, insulted Mauwiya (RA) and was attacked and murdered due to this? What is the authentic standing to this?

Jazakhallah.
Wasalaam.

 

Answer:

wa alaykum al salam wa rahmat Allah wa barakatuh,

Imam Al-Nisa'ei did not insult Mu'awiyah. That's a lie.

However, Imam Al-Nisa'ei compiled hadeeths about the virtues of Ali bin Abi Talib, may Allah be pleased at him.

When the Nasibites (this is a term that describes the people who hate Ahl Al-Bayt) saw that, they got angry and beated Imam Al-Nisa'ei. Al-Nisa'ei died as a result of the beating, may Allah have mercy on his soul. May Allah give the Nasibites what they deserve.

It is noteworthy to mention that Bukhari, Muslim, Abi Dawood, Ahmed bin Hanbel, and others all compiled hadeeths in the virtue of Ali.

It just happened that Al-Nisa'ei lived in a Nasebites environment. Ahl Al-Sunnah do not consider the Nasebites to be one of them.

wa al salam

 

Question:

 Salaam alaikum,

1) Ibn Khallikan in his Wafayat al-ayan, records an incident that transpired with al-Nasa'i:

"Abd al-Rahman Ahmad b. ‘Ali b. Shu’ayb b. ‘Ali b. Sinan b. Bahr al-Nasa’i, chief traditionist of his age and author of a Sunan, or collection of traditions, was an inhabitant of Old Cairo, in which city his works got into circulation, and where he had also many pupils. Muhammad b. Ishaq al-Isfahani gives the following account of his death: “I heard our elders in Old Cairo relate that Abu ‘Abd al-Rahman left Misr towards the end of his life and went to Damascus, where he was asked what he thought of Mu’awiyah and what tradition he knew respecting the merits of that prince; to which he made this reply: ‘It is not then enough for Mu’awiyah to enter (into salvation ) on an equal footing with others, but he must even surpass them by exclusive merits.’

But some relate that his answer was: ‘I know not any tradition respecting his special merit but this: May God never satiate thy belly! Now this doctor was an advocate for the rights of the khalif ‘Ali: so the people began to strike him on the sides, nor did they discontinue till they thrust him out of the mosque. (In another account it is said that they struck him on the testicles and trod him under foot.) He was then borne to Ramla, where he expired.”

Did Imam Al-Nasai ever record any merits of the sahaba in general, so as to prove that he had respect for the sahaba in general? Or maybe a quote of Al-Nisai's in praise of Muawiya (RA)?

Jazakhallah.


 

Answer:

al salam alaykum wa rahmat Allah wa barakatuh,

Ibn Khalkan says in Wafiyat Al-Ayan (the deaths of the elites) after mentioning the story of the murder of Al-Nisa’ei, ‘Al-Hafedh Abu Na’eem Al-Isbahani said, “When he [Al-Nisa’ei] was stepped upon in Damascus, he died as a result. Al-Nisa’ei had written a book describing the virtues of Ali bin Ai Talib may Allan be pleased at him, and Ahl Al-Bayt. He had taken most of these hadeeths from Ahmed Bin Hanbal, may Allah have mercy on his soul. So he was asked why he would not write a book describing the virtues of the Companions may Allah be pleased at them all. He said, ‘I entered Damascus, and saw lots of people hating Ali bin Abi Talib may Allah be pleased at him and hence I wanted Allah to guide them through this book.’”’ [Wafiyat Al-Ayan, 1/77-78]

Imam Al-Nisa’ei wrote the book of the virtues of Ali bin Abi Talib only after he witnessed the injustice done towards the memory of Ali by the Nasebites. Al-Nisa’ei had passed away as a result of defending this grand Companion. If this tells anything, it tells about the love and respect of Sunni scholars to the memories and virtues of Ahl Al-Bayt.

Al-Nisa’ei’s view of Mu’awiyah was due to the fact that Ahl Al-Sunnah unanimously agree that Mu’awiyah is nowhere close to the virtue and position of Ali bin Abi Talib. Ali is the son-in-law of the Prophet, his cousin, and among the ten persons who were given the glad tidings in their life in entering heaven. Hence, no comparison is applicable between Mu’awiyah and Ali may Allah be pleased at both of them.

However, every Imam has certain conditions that must be met to validate or invalidate a particular hadeeth. It seems that the hadeeths that were reported about the virtues of Mu’awiyah did not meet the conditions of Al-Nisa’ei in his hadeeth course. Hence, he did not give any virtue to Mu’awiyah.

It is permissible that Al-Nisa’ei did not receive the authentic hadeeths through authentic chain of narrators in his country. And when he visited Syria, he suspected that the Nasebites invented the hadeeths that praise Mu’awiyah, as the scholars were suspicious of the hadeeths that originated in Kufah since it was the center of Shiasim at that time.

Nonetheless, the majority of the scholars had recorded some authentic narrations about the virtues of Mu’awiyah. Yet, these narrations are few, as it is widely known.

In Saheeh Al-Bukhari, the following incident was reported:

"Narrated Anas bin Malik: Allah's Messenger used to visit Umm Haram bint Milhan and she was the wife of Ubada bin As-Samit. One day the prophet peace be upon him visited her and she provided him with food and started looking for lice in his head. The Allah's Messenger peace be upon him slept and afterwards woke up smiling. Umm Haram asked, " what makes you smile, O Allah's Messenger? He said, " Some of my followers were presented before me in my dream as fighters in Allah's Cause, sailing in the middle of the seas like kings on the thrones or like kings sittings on their thrones. Umm Haram added, " I said, " O Allah's Messenger ! Invoke Allah, to make me one of them, ' So Allah's Messenger invoked Allah for her and then laid his head down ( and slept ). The he woke up smiling (again). (Umm Haram added I said, " what makes you smile, O Allah's Messenger?" He said, " Some people of my followers were presented before me ( in a dream) as fighters in Allah's Cause". He said the same as he had said before. I said, ' O Allah's Messenger ! Invoke Allah to make me from them." He said, " You are among the first ones." Then Umm Haram sailed over the sea during the caliphate of Mu'awiya bin Abu Sufyan, and she fell down from her riding animal after coming ashore, and died." [Saheeh Al-Bukhari, kitab Al-Jihad, #2181]


The Prophet said, “Oh Allah, make him [Mu’awiyah] a guide, guided, and guide people through him.” [Al-Turmithi, hadeeth#3842, Al-Silsilah Al-Saheehah, by Al-Albani, hadeeth#1969, and Mishkat Al-Masabeeh 623]

And he also said, “O’ Allah, teach Mu’awiyah the Quran and math, and save him from the hellfire.” [Mawarid Al-Dam’an, by Al-Haythami, 7/249]

Al-Nisa’ei is a man after all. He could had been unaware of these hadeeths or mistaken when he did not authenticate such hadeeths albeit proven authentic by grand hadeeth scholars. However, this does not slander him, he is after all a grand scholar among Ahl Al-Sunnah wa Al-Jama’ah.

It is never known that Imam Al-Nisa’ei had slandered or libeled any Companion, male or female.

wa al salam